Introduction of alternative crops in the Mediterranean to satisfy EU Green Deal goals. A review

Climate change affects the sustainability of farming systems by downgrading soil fertility and diminishing crop yields. Agenda 2030 for Sustainable Development Goals aims to achieve key performance indicators convert effectually currently degraded agroecosystems into smart, climate-resilient, profitable systems. The introduction alternative crops could equilibrate negative impact increased temperatures water scarcity ensure sufficient farm profitability. Alternative such as quinoa, teff, tritordeum, camelina, nigella, chia, sweet potato show a high acclimatization potential various conditions be components novel re-designed agroecosystems, satisfying goals EU Green Deal reduced chemical input use 2030. In certain occasions, they adapt even better than conventional or traditional integrated in rotations, demonstrating multiple uses that would benefit farmers. This review aimed (i) evaluate seven based on their contribution climate mitigation, compliance with (European Union) objectives SDGs (Sustainable Goals) UN (United Nations), (ii) examine factors determine successful integration Mediterranean Basin. These limiting establishment included properties (soil texture, pH value, salinity, sodicity), environmental parameters (temperature, altitude, latitude, photoperiod), (iii) dynamics regarding demands, fertilization needs, light, heat requirements. All proposed were found adaptable characteristics promising implementation UN.